PD Latest Research

Nutrients. 2021 Oct 20;13(11):3672. doi: 10.3390/nu13113672.ABSTRACTPURPOSE OF REVIEW: increasing evidence suggests that besides the several metabolic, endocrine, and immune functions of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25(OH)2D), the neuronal effects of 1,25(OH)2D should also be considered an essential contributor to the development of cognition in the early years and its maintenance in aging. The developmental disabilities induced by vitamin D deficiency (VDD) include ... read more

Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Nov 1;57(11):1183. doi: 10.3390/medicina57111183.ABSTRACTLoss of sense of smell is a well-known non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD). Here, we present insight into the association between PD advancement and equivalents of smell loss in olfactory-eloquent brain areas, such as the posterior cortex and orbitofrontal cortex. Twelve PD patients in different Hoehn and Yahr stages and 12 healthy normosmic ... read more

Cells. 2021 Nov 4;10(11):3022. doi: 10.3390/cells10113022.ABSTRACTThe progressive reduction of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is the fundamental process underlying Parkinson's disease (PD), while the mechanism of susceptibility of this specific neuronal population is largely unclear. Disturbances in mitochondrial function have been recognized as one of the main pathways in sporadic PD since the finding of respiratory chain impairment ... read more

NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2021 Nov 26;7(1):104. doi: 10.1038/s41531-021-00250-2.ABSTRACTTo estimate dopaminergic dysfunction in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) during the premotor stage and to investigate the effect of genetic factors on the trajectories. Using longitudinal dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography data from 367 sporadic PD (sPD), 72 LRRK2 (G2019S), and 39 GBA (N370S) PD patients in the Parkinson's Progression Markers ... read more

Pharmaceutics. 2021 Nov 8;13(11):1897. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111897.ABSTRACTNeurodegenerative diseases (NDs) represent a heterogeneous group of aging-related disorders featured by progressive impairment of motor and/or cognitive functions, often accompanied by psychiatric disorders. NDs are denoted as 'protein misfolding' diseases or proteinopathies, and are classified according to their known genetic mechanisms and/or the main protein involved in disease onset and progression. Alzheimer's disease (AD), ... read more

Life (Basel). 2021 Oct 22;11(11):1126. doi: 10.3390/life11111126.ABSTRACTα-synuclein is considered the main pathological protein in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple system atrophy, and dementia with Lewy bodies. As of now, numerous studies have been aimed at examining the post-translational modifications of α-synuclein to determine their effects on α-synuclein aggregation, propagation, and oligomerization, as well as the ... read more

NPJ Parkinsons Dis. 2021 Nov 26;7(1):104. doi: 10.1038/s41531-021-00250-2.ABSTRACTTo estimate dopaminergic dysfunction in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) during the premotor stage and to investigate the effect of genetic factors on the trajectories. Using longitudinal dopamine transporter single-photon emission computed tomography data from 367 sporadic PD (sPD), 72 LRRK2 (G2019S), and 39 GBA (N370S) PD patients in the Parkinson's Progression Markers ... read more

Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Nov 8;57(11):1217. doi: 10.3390/medicina57111217.ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: Recently, many studies have focused on the early detection of Parkinson's disease (PD). This disease belongs to a group of neurological problems that immediately affect brain cells and influence the movement, hearing, and various cognitive functions. Medical data sets are often not equally distributed in their classes and this gives a ... read more

Life (Basel). 2021 Nov 16;11(11):1239. doi: 10.3390/life11111239.ABSTRACTParkinson disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder in elderly people. It is characterized by the aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein throughout the nervous system. Aside from cardinal motor symptoms, cognitive impairment is one of the most disabling non-motor symptoms that occurs during the progression of the disease. The accumulation and spreading of ... read more

J Cardiol. 2021 Nov 23:S0914-5087(21)00311-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.11.002. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:34836724 | DOI:10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.11.002 ... read more

Amino Acids. 2021 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s00726-021-03104-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTTaurine (Tau) is one of the most abundant amino acids in the brain and regulates physiological functions in the central nervous system, including anti-inflammatory effects. There is growing evidence that microglia-mediated neuro-inflammatory responses are an integral part of Parkinson's disease (PD) onset and progression. Among the many factors regulating the ... read more

Medicina (Kaunas). 2021 Oct 22;57(11):1146. doi: 10.3390/medicina57111146.ABSTRACTBackground and Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) on motor function, balance and gait ability in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Materials and Methods: For the experiment, 30 patients with PD were randomly assigned to the experimental group (n = 15) and the ... read more

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 13;22(22):12288. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212288.ABSTRACTRecent research demonstrated pathological spreading of the disease-causing proteins from one focal point across other brain regions for some neurodegenerative diseases, such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Spreading mediated by extracellular vesicles is one of the proposed disease-spreading mechanisms. Extracellular vesicles are cell membrane-derived vesicles, used by cells for cell-to-cell communication and ... read more

Biomedicines. 2021 Nov 9;9(11):1644. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111644.ABSTRACTThe neurotransmitter dopamine (DA) is generally associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) [...].PMID:34829873 | DOI:10.3390/biomedicines9111644 ... read more

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 19;22(22):12509. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212509.ABSTRACTParkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. An important hallmark of PD involves the pathological aggregation of proteins in structures known as Lewy bodies. The major component of these proteinaceous inclusions is alpha (α)-synuclein. In different conditions, α-synuclein can assume conformations rich in either α-helix or β-sheets. The mechanisms ... read more

Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Nov 10;9(11):1536. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111536.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Comprehensive geriatric evaluation should include a functional and cognitive assessment to guide the intervention of interdisciplinary teams. The aim of this study was to analyze the physical capacities of institutionalized elderly people and to describe the preventive actions of physical activity and music therapy as non-invasive preventive pharmacological treatments given their importance for ... read more

Sci Data. 2021 Nov 26;8(1):305. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-01089-1.ABSTRACTStatistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) is a computational approach for analysing functional brain images like Positron Emission Tomography (PET). When performing SPM analysis for different patient populations, brain PET template images representing population-specific brain morphometry and metabolism features are helpful. However, most currently available brain PET templates were constructed using the Caucasian data. To enrich ... read more

Cells. 2021 Oct 27;10(11):2909. doi: 10.3390/cells10112909.ABSTRACTDJ-1, a multi-functional protein with antioxidant properties, protects dopaminergic neurons against Parkinson's disease (PD). The oligomerization/assembly of alpha-synuclein (SYN), promoted by Tubulin Polymerization Promoting Protein (TPPP/p25), is fatal in the early stage of PD. The pathological assembly of SYN with TPPP/p25 inhibits their proteolytic degradation. In this work, we identified DJ-1 as a new interactive ... read more

Biomedicines. 2021 Oct 26;9(11):1534. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111534.ABSTRACTSudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is defined as the unexpected sudden death of an infant under 1 year of age that remains unexplained after a thorough case investigation. The SIDS pathogenesis is still unknown; however, abnormalities in brain centers that control breathing and arousal from sleep, including dramatic changes in neurotransmitter levels, have been supposed ... read more

Sci Data. 2021 Nov 26;8(1):306. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-01087-3.ABSTRACTIn vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a non-invasive imaging technique facilitating real-time acquisition of images from the live cornea and its layers with high resolution (1-2 µm) and high magnification (600 to 800-fold). IVCM is extensively used to examine the cornea at a cellular level, including the subbasal nerve plexus (SBNP). IVCM of the ... read more

Cells. 2021 Nov 4;10(11):3022. doi: 10.3390/cells10113022.ABSTRACTThe progressive reduction of the dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra is the fundamental process underlying Parkinson's disease (PD), while the mechanism of susceptibility of this specific neuronal population is largely unclear. Disturbances in mitochondrial function have been recognized as one of the main pathways in sporadic PD since the finding of respiratory chain impairment ... read more

Biomedicines. 2021 Nov 9;9(11):1648. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9111648.ABSTRACTProkineticins are a new class of chemokine-like peptides involved in a wide range of biological and pathological activities. In particular, prokineticin 2 (PK2), prokineticin receptor 1 (PKR1) and prokineticin receptor 2 (PKR2) play a central role in modulating neuroinflammatory processes. PK2 and PKRs, which are physiologically expressed at very low levels, are strongly upregulated during ... read more

Sci Data. 2021 Nov 26;8(1):305. doi: 10.1038/s41597-021-01089-1.ABSTRACTStatistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) is a computational approach for analysing functional brain images like Positron Emission Tomography (PET). When performing SPM analysis for different patient populations, brain PET template images representing population-specific brain morphometry and metabolism features are helpful. However, most currently available brain PET templates were constructed using the Caucasian data. To enrich ... read more

Cells. 2021 Oct 28;10(11):2930. doi: 10.3390/cells10112930.ABSTRACTIntercellular communication between neurons and their surrounding cells occurs through the secretion of soluble molecules or release of vesicles such as exosomes into the extracellular space, participating in brain homeostasis. Under neuro-degenerative conditions associated with ageing, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), Alzheimer's or Parkinson's disease, exosomes are suspected to propagate toxic proteins. The topic ... read more

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Nov 9;22(22):12141. doi: 10.3390/ijms222212141.ABSTRACTTransplantation of exogenous dopaminergic (DA) neurons is an alternative strategy to replenish DA neurons that have lost along the course of Parkinson's disease (PD). From the perspective of ethical acceptation, the source limitations, and the intrinsic features of PD pathology, astrocytes (AS) and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the two promising candidates ... read more